scRNA-seq data have been deposited in a public repository (ArrayExpress: E-MTAB-15847). The Sus scrofa (pig) reference genome (Sscrofa11.1) can be found at NCBI (GCF_000003025.6). Other original data including the animal-based dataset and retrospective clinical dataset are available at GitHub (https://github.com/rinrpg/Origin-data-of-Long-term-thrombus-free-left-atrial-appendage-occlusion-via-magnetofluids). Authentication documents of the cell lines are available at GitHub (https://github.com/silver2008a5/Cell-line-authentication-documents.git). The animal illustrations in Figs. 3a and 4a and the cardiac illustrations in Fig. 4a and Supplementary Fig. 41a were adjusted using BioRender. The original illustrations can be downloaded from the following links: models of rat and its heart in Fig. 3a (https://BioRender.com/yl2wllu); pig model in Fig. 4a (https://BioRender.com/g716ki6); and cardiac models in Fig. 4a and Supplementary Fig. 41a (https://BioRender.com/3a9pht3). Source data are provided with this paper.
The scRNA-seq analysis codes from this study have been deposited at GitHub (https://github.com/pkulhc/Single-Cell-RNA-Seq-Analysis).
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Smit, J. M. et al. Anatomical characteristics of the left atrium and left atrial appendage in relation to the risk of stroke in patients with versus without atrial fibrillation. Circ. Arrhythm. Electrophysiol. 14, e009777 (2021).
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Sievert, H. et al. Percutaneous left atrial appendage transcatheter occlusion to prevent stroke in high-risk patients with atrial fibrillation: early clinical experience. Circulation 105, 1887–1889 (2002).
Whitlock, R. P. et al. Left atrial appendage occlusion during cardiac surgery to prevent stroke. N. Engl. J. Med. 384, 2081–2091 (2021).
Saw, J. Left atrial appendage occlusion. Nat. Rev. Cardiol. 21, 153–154 (2024).
Yu, C. M. et al. Mechanical antithrombotic intervention by LAA occlusion in atrial fibrillation. Nat. Rev. Cardiol. 10, 707–722 (2013).
Aryana, A. et al. Association between incomplete surgical ligation of left atrial appendage and stroke and systemic embolization. Heart Rhythm 12, 1431–1437 (2015).
Su, P. et al. Occluding the left atrial appendage: anatomical considerations. Heart 94, 1166–1170 (2008).
Kasper, K. et al. The Watchman FLX device. JACC Clin. Electrophysiol. 6, 1633–1642 (2020).
Sick, P. B. et al. Initial worldwide experience with the WATCHMAN left atrial appendage system for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 49, 1490–1495 (2007).
Kar, S. et al. Primary outcome evaluation of a next-generation left atrial appendage closure device: results from the PINNACLE FLX trial. Circulation 143, 1754–1762 (2021).
Paitazoglou, C. et al. The ALSTER-FLX Registry: 3-month outcomes after left atrial appendage occlusion using a next-generation device, a matched-pair analysis to EWOLUTION. Heart Rhythm 19, 917–926 (2022).
Price, M. J. et al. Comparative safety of transcatheter LAAO with the first-generation Watchman and next-generation Watchman FLX devices. JACC Cardiovasc. Interv. 15, 2115–2123 (2022).
Di Biase, L. et al. Does the left atrial appendage morphology correlate with the risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation? Results from a multicenter study. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 60, 531–538 (2012).
Lee, J. M. et al. Impact of increased orifice size and decreased flow velocity of left atrial appendage on stroke in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Am. J. Cardiol. 113, 963–969 (2014).
Viles-Gonzalez, J. F. et al. The clinical impact of incomplete left atrial appendage closure with the Watchman device in patients with atrial fibrillation: a PROTECT AF (Percutaneous Closure of the Left Atrial Appendage Versus Warfarin Therapy for Prevention of Stroke in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation) substudy. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 59, 923–929 (2012).
Lugtu, I. C. et al. Percutaneous left atrial appendage closure using an occluder device: a single center experience. Acta Cardiol. Sin. 38, 352–361 (2022).
Dukkipati, S. R. et al. Device-related thrombus after left atrial appendage closure: incidence, predictors, and outcomes. Circulation 138, 874–885 (2018).
Sedaghat, A. et al. Device-related thrombus after left atrial appendage closure: data on thrombus characteristics, treatment strategies, and clinical outcomes from the EUROC-DRT-registry. Circ. Cardiovasc. Interv. 14, e010195 (2021).
Tanaka, T. et al. Challenges and advances in device-related thrombus in left atrial appendage occlusion. Future Cardiol. 20, 343–358 (2024).
Toumanides, S. et al. Transcatheter patch occlusion of the left atrial appendage using surgical adhesives in high-risk patients with atrial fibrillation. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 58, 2236–2240 (2011).
Robinson, S. S. et al. Patient-specific design of a soft occluder for the left atrial appendage. Nat. Biomed. Eng. 2, 8–16 (2018).
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Article ADS CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
de Lima J. et al. Phase diagrams of poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) and dimethylformamide solutions exhibiting both liquid-iquid and solid-liquid phase separation. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 118, 1787–1795 (2010).
Zhang, Y. S. et al. Regenerative cell therapy with 3D bioprinting. Science 385, 604–606 (2024).
Lasagabaster, A. et al. FTIR study on the nature of water sorbed in polypropylene (PP)/ethylene alcohol vinyl (EVOH) films. Eur. Polym. J. 42, 3121–3132 (2006).
Wu, K. C. et al. A tough bioadhesive hydrogel supports sutureless sealing of the dural membrane in porcine and ex vivo human tissue. Sci. Transl. Med. 16, eadj0616 (2024).
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Gupta, D. et al. The electrospinning behavior of poly(vinyl alcohol) in DMSO–water binary solvent mixtures. RSC Adv. 6, 102947–102955 (2016).
Alderman N. et al. Non-Newtonian Fluids: Guide to Classification and Characteristics (ESDU, 1997).
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Article ADS CAS PubMed Google Scholar
